The word itself
Brownfield
A property where redevelopment or reuse is held up by the actual —
or suspected — presence of hazardous substances, pollutants, or
contaminants. Think old gas stations, dry cleaners, factories, illegal
dump sites, and abandoned industrial yards.
01
The lifecycle
Every site moves through these stages — the colored dots on
the map mirror them.
- Assessment / Investigation
-
The first step. Environmental professionals check whether the site
is actually contaminated — and if so, with what.
Phase I is a records and site-history review;
Phase II adds soil and groundwater sampling.
- Cleanup / Remediation
-
Active work to remove or contain contamination — digging up
tainted soil, treating groundwater, capping the site — so the
property is safe for its intended use.
- Complete / NFA
-
NFA stands for No Further Action. The
regulator has determined the site has been cleaned up adequately
for its current or planned use, and no further work is required.
02
Who's involved
Three agencies appear on this map — tribal, state, and federal.
- KDEP
-
Kickapoo Department of Environmental Programs — the Tribe's
environmental agency, which administers this brownfields program.
- EPA
-
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — the federal agency
that funds most tribal brownfields work and sets the cleanup
standards.
- DEQ
-
Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality — the state
environmental agency. DEQ runs a parallel brownfields program for
non-tribal sites in Oklahoma.
03
Programs & funding
These show up as badges on individual sites and as legend layers.
- EPA CIMC
-
Cleanups In My Community — EPA's nationwide public
map of contaminated and formerly contaminated sites. Includes
Superfund, RCRA, brownfields, and federal facilities.
- Superfund / NPL
-
The most severely contaminated sites in the country. NPL
stands for National Priorities List. These sites are
cleaned up under federal supervision and usually take many years.
- RCRA Corrective Action
-
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act — the federal law for
managing hazardous waste. "Corrective Action" sites are operating
(or recently closed) facilities that have to clean up past
contamination.
- RLF
-
Revolving Loan Fund — an EPA program that lets
tribes and states make low-interest loans for cleanups. As loans
are repaid, the money is loaned out again for new cleanups.
- 128(a) Regular
-
Section 128(a) of the federal Superfund law — the main,
ongoing EPA grant that funds tribal brownfields response programs
like KDEP's.
- IIJA
-
Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (a.k.a. the
Bipartisan Infrastructure Law) — a 2021 federal law that
provided extra one-time brownfields funding to EPA, including
tribes.
- Certificate Completed (DEQ)
-
For DEQ Brownfields: the state has issued a formal certificate
confirming the cleanup is finished and protecting the new owner
from liability for past contamination.